Process of burning brick.



, J.H;BAGH. A PROCESS 0I' BURNING BRICK..

i u APPLICATION FILED JAN. 13, 1911. 1,008,390, atentfa Nov. 14, 19M,

` QHEBTSSHBBT 1. 7J C? .7 df 1L l l1 4j-2f I 1; mw* .i :7:15 f n D m i J. H. BACH. PROCESS CP BURNING BRICK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 13, 1911.

1,008,3QG, Patented Nov. 14, 1911'.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NATURA JULIUS H. BACH, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

rnocnss or BUiiNiNG BRICK.

, Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NGVQ Ida, Illl.

Application ledJ'anuaiy 1S, 1911` Serial No. 602,484.

To o7] whom t may concern.'

Bc it known that I, JULiUs H. BACH, a citizen of the United States, vresiding at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improven'ients in Processes of Burning Brick, of which the following is a description. reference being lia-,dto theaccompanys:

ing drawings, forming" a part of this specification, in which corresponding. letters of reference in the different figures indicate like parts. l

The object of my invention is to provide a continuous process. adapted to the burning of bricksmade from a highly porous clay. Heretofore it has been customary to burn bricks of this character in a single clamp or kiln andto allow the aqueous' vapor or water-smokewto .pass upwardly into the atmosphere. So far as I am aware, all attempts to burn bricks of this character by what is commonly known as the continuous process, which, generally the character stated,'coiisists.'in successively passing the heatand vapors from one section of a kiln to another and cooling the previously burned sect-ions by the indrawn air, while successful with. the denser clays common to Ohio and the Atlantic States, have failed completely when applied to the more porous clays such,

for example, as are found in Chicago and vicinity. In burning the denser clays it has been found essential to use slow and coniparatively light fires at the start in` order to drive ofi all aqueous vapors as rapidly as possible in advance of the more intense heat, soas to prevent the bricks from cracking and becomingotherwise distorted and misshapen. Under this method -about two weeks .is required to burn `a kiln of bricks of porous .bricks however, I have discovered that they should be subjected to a quick and intensely hot lire from the beginning in order, among other thingsltov utilize the vegetable and other carbonaceous matterin the brick, which, if allowed to be consumed in a slowugregvill be lost and its heat dissipated' to no purpose. Any attempt thereafter to heat the brick to the required teniperature necessitates an excessive and 'Wasteful expenditure of fuel and results in an inferior and unsatisfactory' product. I am enabled to .overcome th'eigdiiiiculties stated and to accomplish the object of my invention. in thefmanner hereinafter more parlast mentioned. In burningticularly described and definitely pointed out in the claims. I

'In the drawings, Figure l, is a side elevation of a brick kiln adapted to carry out my improved process. Fig. 2, is an enlarged' transverse sectional view thereof taken upon the line 2-2, Fig. l. Fig.'` is an enlarged l plan View of a portion of said kiln the sanie being"'pantialmlyA broken away 'to show the broken away to show the interiori Referring to the drawings, which are intended to illustrate one means for carrying out my improved method, l represents gen.-

-of an elongated structure comprising the and ends and a top or covering B of brick and earth. The dried brick il, to be burned,

drawings, so as to forni small but uniform spaces between them throughout the mass, thereby vpreventing an excessive or uneven draft iii any one part during the process of burning. The usual transverse fire-chainbers 5, Fig. 4, are formed in the brick when stacked, said chambers 'being located oppositeztothe usual firing arches 6, formed in the side walls. Pipes 7, connected with. a source of oil or gas supply, ne Shown, enables'fi'iel, preferably oil, to be conducted to any well known form of burners located in the fire chambers, or wood or coal, prefer- -ably the former, may be used for heating. .The chambers 5 are intended 'to-serve either as air ducts or for tiring according to the stage of. advancement in the process. A series of transversel draft ducts 8, are formed inthe top of the kiln in the same vertical plane with the ducts or fire-chambers 5. Longitudinal. ducts 9 are also provided in the top of the kiln in communication with the ducts 8. Openings l0, llig. 3, are formed in the top in communication with the ducts mally closed by any form. of damper, or

cover not shown. The vducts 8, in theouter ivalls, which are 'intended to oe-:normally 9 to permit the escape of Water-smoke when necessary. These, are intended to be norclosed by means of plugs or/otherwise,are adapted-to be connected. by means-of pipes 11 with vertical ductsl2, Fig. .2, in communication withthe chambers 5. and also with transverse 'conduits ,1.3 .leading to a.

top ducts, and: Fig. 4:, is an enlarged side elevation of port-ions of said -kiln partially erally abrick kiln which consists preferably,

usual scoving or casing 2, forming the sides are somewhat closely stacked within the'y kiln substantially as represented in thev:aeoasoo of burning brick made from crous clay which consists in placing the brick in a kiln to a-predetermneddistance in advance' of v the maximum heat and advancing watersmoke and heat successively from section to section.

3. The method, substantially as described, of burning porous brick, which consists in stacking the brick with substantially uniformvspacesbetween them throughout the kiln, dividing the kiln into separate sections of predetermined lengt-h, firing the first section to obtain a maximum heat at the beginning thereof, prevent-ing a back draft rom the second section, inducing an artificial draft from the top and bottom of the fortvar'd end of the section, firing a predetermined number of archesback o'f said forward end, holding thef'water-smoke in iidstacking the bricks in a kiln, firing the same at a given initialpoint by .natural draft until white heat is obtained, applying a forced draft at a redeterinined distance forward of said initially-heated zone, preventing 'a back draft from that part of Athe kiln to'which said forced draft is a plied, holding the va or back in an upward y and rearwardly inc ined plane in advance of the heat zone to prevent a dissipation of heat at t-he top of the kiln, firing the kiln successively 'in advance of the maximum heated zone to rapidly advance said zone and repeating the operation with the tiring and orced draft continuously throughout successive predetermined sections of the kiln.

5. The method, substantially as described of burning porous bricks in a kiln, which consists in firing the bricks in a ygiven zone in the kiln to from about twenty-two hundred'to about'twenty-four hundred degrees Fahrenheit, advancing the heat in th kiln by forced artificial draft from an arbitrarily selected zone in advance of the heat, forcing the firinof in the burning zone to insure the i desired degree of heat in .the bricks by the time the carboiiaceous matter therein is Corisumed, holding the vapor at a distance in advance of the maximum heat of from about liveto about eight feet and in a rearwardly and upwardly inclined plane so that a portion of the vapor may be above the lire and JULIUS H. BACH. lVitnesses:

DAVID H. FLETCHER, JENNIEV L. FISKE. 

